Opinion | Time for Youth-Led Politics in India?
India stands at a unique juncture, boasting of the world's largest youth population, with approximately 27.3 per cent of its total population in the 15-29 year age group
The air crackled with a palpable energy at the Bharat Mandapam today. Prime Minister Modi’s presence at the Viksit Bharat Young Leaders Dialogue wasn’t just a ceremonial visit; it was a powerful statement, an unmistakable signal that the call for youth participation in Indian politics is not mere rhetoric.
His direct interaction with nearly 3000 young leaders, individuals carefully selected through a rigorous process, underscores the seriousness with which the government views this demographic – a crucial force in shaping the nation’s destiny.
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This dialogue is more than just a photo opportunity. It’s a continuation of a sustained effort, a consistent message emanating from the highest echelons of power: These carefully chosen young individuals represent a microcosm of India’s vast potential, a reservoir of talent and ideas waiting to be tapped. Modi’s engagement with them is a recognition that their voices are not just welcome but essential in charting the course for a ‘Viksit Bharat’ – a developed India.
India stands at a unique juncture, boasting of the world’s largest youth population, with approximately 27.3 per cent of its total population in the 15-29 year age group. This demographic dividend, this surge of young energy and intellect, is a resource of immense potential.
To truly capitalise on this advantage, to propel India onto the global stage as a beacon of progress, we must actively cultivate and harness the leadership capabilities inherent within our youth. Their understanding of contemporary challenges, their innovative spirit, and their inherent connection to the digital age are assets that cannot be ignored.
THE NUMBERS SPEAK: YOUTH IN THE ELECTORAL ARENA
Look at the figures, and the narrative becomes starkly clear. Millions of young Indians enthusiastically exercise their right to vote; in the recent national Parliamentary elections, voters aged 18-29 made up approximately 22.3% of the total registered voters. This enthusiasm at the ballot box, however, is not mirrored in the representation of young people as candidates. The stark reality is that the number of young individuals actually contesting elections remains woefully low. Historically, in the early years of Indian democracy, around 33.74% of Members of Parliament (MPs) were in the 25-40 age group.
However, by the 2019 general elections, this figure had plummeted to a mere 11.97%, further declining to just 10.68% in the 2024 elections. There is a disconnect here, a bottleneck preventing this vibrant demographic from actively participating in the very institutions that shape their lives.
Current statistics paint a concerning picture. Consider the average age of elected representatives; it paints a portrait of a parliament increasingly distant from the demographic realities of the nation. The average age of MPs in the Lok Sabha has steadily risen from 46.5 years in 1952 to 55.6 years in the 2024 elections. While the youthful energy of India surges forward, the average age of its parliamentarians continues its upward climb.
This isn’t to denigrate the experience of seasoned politicians, but rather to highlight the urgent need for a better balance, a more accurate reflection of the nation’s composition within its governing bodies. The youth representation index (YRI), which measures youth representation relative to their population share, starkly illustrates this decline, falling from a peak of 156 in 1957 to a concerning 41 in 2024. The underrepresentation is not just a statistical anomaly; it speaks to a system that, perhaps inadvertently, erects barriers to entry for its younger citizens.
LOWERING THE BAR: A NECESSARY STEP?
One tangible step towards rectifying this imbalance lies in revisiting the minimum age requirement for contesting elections. The current regulation, which mandates a minimum age of 25 years to contest Lok Sabha elections, while intended to ensure a certain level of maturity, arguably acts as a significant deterrent for many capable young individuals eager to contribute. If an 18-year-old is deemed responsible enough to cast their vote and influence the direction of the country, why then is a greater barrier placed on their ability to stand for office and directly shape policy? The logic feels inconsistent, a hurdle that hinders rather than helps.
Lowering the age bar is not about advocating for inexperienced individuals to suddenly dominate the political landscape. Instead, it’s about opening the door to a wider pool of talent, providing an opportunity for passionate and capable young individuals to step forward and serve their communities. It is also about fostering a system where both can coexist and contribute effectively.
CLEARING THE PATH: GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES AND ROADBLOCKS
The government, to its credit, has recognised the imperative of engaging youth in the political process. Initiatives aimed at promoting civic education and electoral awareness are commendable steps in the right direction. Furthermore, the focus on skill development and entrepreneurship amongst young people, exemplified by a recent budget allocation of approximately Rs. 1.43 Lakh Crore for education, employment and skilling initiatives (a 30 percent increase from the previous allocation), will undoubtedly empower them to become active participants in the nation’s progress. These initiatives are laying the groundwork, cultivating a generation equipped to contribute meaningfully.
However, roadblocks remain. Societal perceptions and the enduring influence of established political dynasties can create an uneven playing field for young aspirants without familial connections. The financial demands of campaigning can also prove prohibitive, further limiting opportunities for those without significant resources. While government schemes offer support, a more concerted effort is needed to dismantle these systemic barriers and ensure a truly level playing field where merit and passion, rather than privilege and pedigree, determine success.
INDIA 2047: A VISION OF YOUTHFUL LEADERSHIP
Picture India in 2047, a nation celebrating its centenary of independence. Envision a political landscape where youthful dynamism has become the norm. Imagine policy debates informed by the perspectives of those who will inherit the consequences of today’s decisions. This isn’t a fanciful dream; it is an attainable future if we actively empower our youth today. A youth-driven political landscape would likely prioritise issues of sustainability, innovation, and social justice – concerns deeply resonant with the younger generation.
By 2047, a generation nurtured in an environment that values their input and empowers their participation could lead India to unprecedented heights. Their tech-savviness can revolutionise governance, their entrepreneurial spirit can drive economic growth, and their passion for a better future can forge a more inclusive and equitable society. Unleashing the potential of India’s youth in politics is not just a matter of fairness; it is a strategic imperative, a vital ingredient in building a stronger, more vibrant, and globally influential India. The time for youth-led politics is not on the horizon; it is now.
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